One way to identify the components of clothing fabrics

The simple method of clothing fabric composition is combustion method. The method is to take a piece of cloth yarn containing warp and weft at the seam of the garment, ignite it with fire, observe the state of the burning flame, smell the smell of the cloth yarn after burning, and look at the residue after burning, so as to judge whether the fabric composition is consistent with that marked on the garment durability label, and identify the authenticity of the fabric composition.

Cotton fiber, hemp fiber
Both cotton fiber and hemp fiber burn just close to the flame, burning rapidly, with yellow flame and blue smoke. The difference between the smell of burning and the ash after burning is that cotton burning gives out a paper smell, while hemp burning gives out a plant ash smell; After burning, cotton has very little powder ash, which is black or gray, while hemp produces a small amount of gray white powder ash.

Wool fiber, silk wool
Wool fiber and silk wool smoke when they are caught in fire. They bubble when burning. The burning speed is slow, emitting the smell of burning hair. The ashes after burning are mostly shiny black spherical particles, which can be crushed when pressed by fingers. Silk shrinks into a ball when it is caught in fire. The burning speed is slow, accompanied by a hissing sound. It emits a burning smell of hair. After burning, it forms small black brown globular ashes, which can be crushed when twisted by hands

Nylon, polyester
Nylon, the scientific name of polyamide fiber, quickly shrinks and melts into white gel when it is near the flame, drops and bubbles when it is melted in the flame. There is no flame when burning, and it is difficult to continue burning without the flame, emitting a celery smell. After cooling, the light brown melt is not easy to grind. Polyester fiber, the scientific name of polyester fiber, is easy to ignite, and will melt and shrink when it is near the flame. When burning, it will emit black smoke while melting, showing a yellow flame and emitting a fragrant smell. After burning, the ash will be a dark brown hard lump, which can be twisted with your fingers.

Acrylic fiber, polypropylene fiber
Acrylic fiber, the scientific name of which is polyacrylonitrile fiber, is softened and shrunk near the fire. After the fire, it emits black smoke and the flame is white. After leaving the flame, it burns rapidly, emitting the acrid smell of burning meat. After burning, the ashes are irregular black hard pieces, which are fragile when twisted by hand. Polypropylene fiber, the scientific name of polypropylene fiber, is easily melted and shrunk near the fire. It burns slowly away from the fire and emits black smoke. The upper end of the flame is yellow and the lower end is blue, emitting a petroleum smell. The ashes after burning are hard round light yellowish brown particles, which are fragile when twisted by hand.

Vinylon, chloroprene
The scientific name of vinylon is polyvinyl formal fiber, which is not easy to ignite. It melts and shrinks near the flame. When burning, there is a little flame at the top. When the fiber is melted into a colloidal flame, the flame becomes larger, with thick black smoke and bitter smell. After burning, small black bead like particles are left, which can be crushed with fingers. Chlorine fiber, the scientific name of which is polyvinyl chloride fiber, is difficult to burn and extinguishes immediately after leaving the fire. The flame is yellow, with green white smoke at the lower end. It emits a pungent, pungent and sour taste. After burning, the ashes are black brown irregular hard blocks, and the fingers are not easy to twist.

Spandex, fluorine fiber
Spandex, the scientific name of polyurethane fiber, burns while melting near the fire. When burning, the flame is blue, and continues to melt away from the fire, emitting a special irritating odor. After burning, the ash is soft, puffy and black ash. The scientific name of fluorine fiber is polytetrafluoroethylene fiber. The ISO organization calls it fluorite fiber. It only melts near the flame, is difficult to ignite, and does not burn. The edge flame is blue green carbonized, which is melted and decomposed. The gas is toxic, and the melt is hard round black beads. Fluorine fiber is commonly used to manufacture high-performance sewing thread in the textile industry.

Viscose fiber, cuprammonium fiber
Viscose fiber and cuprammonium fiber Viscose fiber are flammable, burning fast, the flame is yellow, emitting the smell of burning paper, and there is less ash after burning, showing a smooth twisted band of light gray or gray white fine powder. The cuprammonium fiber is commonly known as tiger kapok. It burns near the flame with fast burning speed. The flame is yellow and emits ester acid smell. There is little ash after burning, only a small amount of gray black ash.