Factors affecting the durability of flame-retardant cotton fabrics

1. Dosage of fire retardant

In the fireproof finishing, the amount of fireproofing agent has a decision-making effect on the fireproof finishing effect and the physical and mechanical properties of the fabric after finishing.

Within a certain range, as the amount of fireproofing agent increases, the fireproof effect of the fabric will continue to improve, but when the amount of fireproofing agent reaches a certain amount, the amount of fireproofing agent will continue to increase, the fireproof effect will no longer improve, and the fabric will feel hard and white. The degree and tear strength decrease. The amount of fire retardant is too small, the cross-linking is insufficient, and the washing resistance is poor.

2. The amount of cross-linking agent

The cross-linking agent can cross-link the fire-retardant and cellulose molecules to form a network structure during the fire-retardant finishing process, which enhances the washing resistance of the fire-retardant fabric, and the film-forming property of the cross-linking agent on the surface of the fabric directly determines the feel and tear of the fabric. Breaking strength and washing resistance.

The cross-linking agent has little effect on the fire resistance of the fabric, but it has a great influence on the hand feel, tear strength and durability of the fabric. The cross-linking agent improves the fire resistance and washing resistance by cross-linking with the fiber macromolecules and covalently bonding with the fire retardant. Therefore, if the amount of crosslinking agent is too small, it is not conducive to cross-linking film formation and poor washing resistance; if the amount is too large, the network structure formed will make the fabric feel hard and weaken. Therefore, the amount of crosslinking agent should be selected to balance the relationship between hand feel, strength and washing resistance.

3. The amount of catalyst

In the fire-retardant finishing process, the catalyst can make the cross-linking agent quickly cross-link with the fire-retardant and cellulose macromolecules during the baking process to improve the fire-retardant finishing effect. However, most of the catalysts are acidic, which has a great influence on the strength of the fabric, so the dosage must be strictly controlled.

Appropriate catalyst can improve the fireproof effect of fabrics. However, when the dosage is too much, the cotton fabric is alkali-resistant and acid-resistant, causing the fabric strength to decrease severely, and the whiteness and hand feel slightly decrease. The choice of catalyst dosage should fully consider the fabric strength factor, and immediately after printing, neutralize with alkali to reduce the fabric strength damage.

4. Baking temperature and baking time

The effect of baking temperature and baking time on fireproof finishing fabrics is self-evident. The covalent crosslinking produced by the reaction of fireproofing agents, cellulose macromolecules, and crosslinking agents must be completed during the baking process. Proper baking The temperature and baking time can make the film fully formed, and the washing resistance can be enhanced.

If the baking temperature is too high and the baking time is too long, the fabric will become brittle and the tearing strength will decrease. If the baking temperature is too low, the fireproofing agent and the crosslinking agent will not react sufficiently, and the fireproofing and washing resistance will deteriorate.